<i>Sinomenium</i> Inhibits the Viability of Hepatoma Carcinoma Cells through Activating IFNA2

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the sixth place of most common cancers. Meanwhile, it is the tertiary mortality cause of cancer. There is no effective therapeutic method to prevent and treat the liver cancer. Sinomenine is a kind of Chinese traditional medicine herbal, it is reported that it can inhibit the viability of several cancer cells. The study is to explore whether sinomenine is also able to inhibit the cell viability of HCC and its potential mechanism. The IC50 of sinomenine in BEL-7402 cells was 5.351 mmol/L, and the IC50 of sinomenine in SMMC-7721 cells was 6.204 mmol/L. The gene expression results showed the relative expression of FGF2, CCND2, DCN, F3, MMP7, NRG1, HMGB1, TRIM29, HAS2, EHF, CTGF, PLK2 were down-regulated, and the relative expression of VEGF A, CITED2, NUPR1, DDX58, IRF9, NAMPT, MMP1, NDRG1, HMGA2, PPARGC1A, IFIT2, PARP9, HEY1, LOX, ETV1, ISG15, BACH, CYLD were up-regulated. Moreover, the IPA analysis results suggested that IFIT3, IFIT1, OAS1, MX1, IRF9, IFI6, IFITM1, ISG15 were up-regulated in BEL-7402 cells treated with sinomenine by activating IFNA2. The findings presented in this study may provide a promising method for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer.     

经后颅窝乙状窦后入路三叉神经微血管减压术的快速康复外科护理

目的 探讨快速康复外科 （FTS）理念在经后颅窝乙状窦后入路三叉神经微血管减压术围术期患者护理中的应用效果。方法 选择2018年1月~2019年1月我院收治并行经后颅窝乙状窦后入路三叉神经微血管减压患者100例，随机分成观察组和对照组，每组50例。对照组应用常规方法进行围术期护理，观察组应用FTS理念进行围术期护理。比较两组焦虑情况、术后并发症发生率、平均住院日及平均住院费用。结果 观察组轻度焦虑多于对照组，中、重度焦虑少于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组[恶心呕吐（4.00% vs 16.00%）、尿路感染（4.00% vs 18.00%）、颅内感染（0 vs 8.00%）、颅内血肿（2.00% vs 14.00%）和术后应激性疼痛（16.00% vs 34.00%）]，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组平均住院日和平均住院费用均低于对照组[（9.13±1.14）d vs（12.44±0.89）d]；[（2.15±0.66）万元 vs （3.05±0.61）万元]，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 应用FTS理念能缓解经后颅窝乙状窦后入路三叉神经微血管减压术患者术前紧张恐惧的心理，减少术后并发症，缩短患者住院日，降低住院费用，护理效果较好。     

Potentilla anserine L. polysaccharide protects against cadmium-induced neurotoxicity

Cadmium is a toxic metal that can damage the brain and other organs. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of Potentilla anserine L. polysaccharide (PAP) against CdCl₂-induced neurotoxicity in N2a and SH-SY5Y cells and in the cerebral cortex of BALB/c mice. In addition, we aimed to identify the potential mechanisms underlying these protective effects. Relative to CdCl₂ treatment alone, pretreatment with PAP prevented the reduction in cell viability evoked by CdCl₂, decreased rates of apoptosis, promoted calcium homeostasis, decreased ROS accumulation, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited cytochrome C and AIF release, and prevented the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP. In addition, PAP significantly decreased the CdCl₂-induced phosphorylation of CaMKII, Akt, and mTOR. In conclusion, PAP represents a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of Cd-induced neurotoxicity, functioning in part via attenuating the activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and the Ca²⁺-CaMKII-dependent Akt/mTOR pathway.     

阿司匹林对大鼠脊髓损伤细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的 观察阿司匹林对大鼠慢性压迫性脊髓损伤后神经细胞凋亡及神经功能恢复的影响。方法选择65只体重为220～250g的Wistar大鼠（雌雄不限），于T10部位置入后路渐进式压迫装置，制作成慢性压迫性脊髓损伤模型。随机分为阿司匹林治疗组（A组，30只）、生理盐水对照组（B组，30只）和假手术组（C组，5只）。应用原位末端脱氧核糖核苷酸转移酶介导dUTP标记技术，分别于慢性压迫性脊髓损伤后1、3、7、14、28d做行为学评价，并取材对脊髓损伤区进行细胞凋亡检测。结果A、B组均发现细胞凋亡，A组与B组细胞凋亡率相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05），A组与B组行为学评价相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05），神经细胞凋亡情况与运动功能改变具有相关性。结论 阿司匹林对慢性脊髓压迫损伤后所导致的神经细胞凋亡产生抑制作用。     

Safety and efficacy of oral nemonoxacin versus levofloxacin in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: A phase 3, multicenter,randomized, double-blind,double-dummy,active-controlled,non-inferiority trial

Background/Purpose

Nemonoxacin is a novel nonfluorinated quinolone with excellent in vitro activity against most pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), especially Gram-positive isolates. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of nemonoxacin compared with levofloxacin in patients with CAP.

从氧自由基、一氧化氮探讨四逆汤抗急性失血性休克的肝脏机制

目的:从氧自由基、一氧化氮探讨四逆汤抗急性失血性休克的肝脏机制。方法:复制急性失血性休克大鼠模型, 分为假手术对照组;单纯休克模型组;休克+生理盐水复苏组;休克+四逆注射液复苏组。四逆注射液(浓度1000g生药/L), 剂量0.1mL/200g大鼠。用生理盐水或四逆注射液治疗3h后处死动物并取组织。测定各组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)水平, 一氧化氮(NO)水平。采用免疫组化染色法, 观察诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)在肝细胞中的变化特点。RT-PCR观测肝细胞iNOS和内皮源性一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)基因表达的变化。结果:模型组在休克1h后SOD活性明显低于对照组(P＜0.01)、MDA水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.01)。四逆汤组复苏3h后肝组织SOD明显高于生理盐水组(P＜0.01)、MDA低于生理盐水组(P＜0.01)、NO水平明显高于生理盐水组(P＜0.01)。生理盐水组iNOS在肝细胞中染色阳性单位明显高于四逆汤组(P＜0.05)。生理盐水组促进iNOSmRNA的表达。四逆汤组eNOSmRNA的表达增强。结论:四逆汤通过清除氧自由基, 升高NO, 改善肝组织微循环, 减少诱导型iNOS表达的各种因素, 理论上减轻了NO与氧自由基生成的ONOO的细胞毒作用和血管的低反应性, 并对肝脏起到保护作用。     

复发性肩关节前脱位伴骨缺损的治疗进展

复发性肩关节前脱位伴骨缺损是肩关节常见疾病之一。如何有效地修复关节盂骨缺损,降低肩关节脱位复发率是临床医师关注的问题。骨移植术能够发挥骨刺激作用,促进骨再生和骨重塑,恢复关节盂的正常解剖结构。其中,Bristow-Latarjet术是治疗复发性肩关节脱位的经典术式,Latarjet术能够修复更大的关节盂骨缺损,但对手术医师的操作要求更高;自体髂骨移植术是Latarjet术失败后翻修的首选方案;骨软骨移植术(自体和异体)在重建原始关节面和预防关节退行性改变方面有一定的优势,但自体骨软骨移植术会造成二次损伤,而异体骨软骨移植术的免疫排斥难以避免。随着复合材料的改进,对骨再生、重塑机制的探究,以及结合骨移植术的优缺点,组织工程技术将来有可能成为治疗关节盂骨缺损的重要方法。     

超声引导下热消融治疗继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的有效性及安全性:Meta分析

目的采用Meta分析评价超声引导下热消融治疗继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(SHPT)的有效性及安全性。方法检索PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、维普数据库及万方医学网中热消融治疗SHPT相关文献,检索时间自建库至2020年8月。依据纳入及排除标准筛选文献。采用ReveMan 5.3软件对消融前后血清全段甲状旁腺素(iPTH)、钙、磷水平及并发症行Meta分析。结果共纳入19篇文献、634例SHPT患者。热消融术后1天、1周、1个月及6个月,血清iPTH水平、钙及磷水平均较术前下降(P均0.01)。术后声音嘶哑发生率14.08%[OR=6.99,95%CI(3.00,16.26)],低钙血症发生率34.62%[OR=38.59,95%CI(16.64,89.47)]。结论超声引导下热消融治疗SHPT安全有效。     

NS-398诱导肝癌细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的 :研究选择性环氧化酶 2 (COX 2 )抑制剂NS 398对人肝癌细胞HepG2 凋亡的影响 ,及其相关蛋白Bcl 2在细胞凋亡中的作用。方法 :通过体外细胞培养 ,应用荧光显微镜、透射电镜、流式细胞仪观察NS 398对HepG2 的凋亡诱导作用 ,应用免疫细胞化学法观察Bcl 2在人肝癌细胞HepG2 凋亡中的表达。结果 :NS 398处理HepG2 细胞后 ,电镜下可见到细胞核固缩、染色质凝集成新月型紧靠核膜周边 ,核碎裂、染色质片断化等典型的细胞凋亡形态变化。荧光显微镜及流式细胞检测则未见凋亡征象。免疫细胞化学分析显示 ,NS 398处理后的HepG2 细胞 ,其Bcl 2表达较对照组明显下降。结论 :COX 2选择性抑制剂NS 398对人肝癌HepG2 细胞有显著的凋亡诱导作用 ;抗凋亡基因Bcl 2在NS 398诱导的HepG2 细胞凋亡中有重要的调控作用。     

Two Sides of the Same Coin? A Dual Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis of Novel Treatments Against Rheumatoid Arthritis in Physicians and Patients

PurposeAvailable treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) differ in important aspects. In this sense, each RA treatment option is accompanied by a spectrum of characteristics that collectively constitute its comprehensive “value,” as viewed from the physician's or the patient's perspective. The objective of this study was to perform a multiple criteria decision analysis of different RA treatments from the perspective of physicians and patients and to outline the respective aspects of value for each treatmentMethodsA literature review was performed for constructing a set of criteria (N = 8) for the multiple criteria decision analysis. Workshops for the elicitation of preferences occurred separately for physicians and patients. A performance matrix was populated via 2 network meta-analyses plus converged clinical opinion. Criteria were hierarchically classified by application of pairwise comparisons, and criteria weights were attributed by point allocation through convergence of opinions. Performances in both panels were scored by using a 100-point scale. A linear additive value function was used for the calculation of total value estimates.FindingsBoth panels provided their consensus. The hierarchical classification of attributes from the physician perspective placed the highest values on the criteria of severe adverse events, clinical efficacy, route of administration, and cost per year for the third-party payer. From the patient perspective, the highest ranking criteria were clinical efficacy, severe adverse events, percentage of patients remaining with the same targeted immune modulator for 1 year (“drug survival”), and cost per year for the third-party payer.ImplicationsIn an era of multiple options and varying preferences, RA treatments must be evaluated by taking into consideration patients’ preferences as well, as to cover the full spectrum of value elements rather than simply clinical outcomes. The results of this analysis show that physicians and patients share similarities but also marked differences in terms of the aspects of treatment that they perceive as more valuable.